Having looked at how transport is currently managed in Wales, this piece looks at transport use and transport’s social and environmental impact.

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I’ll be going into this in more detail in later parts, but what conclusions can be drawn from the above?
- The car remains the most popular form of transport in Wales by some distance.
- Even before the Covid pandemic, bus services were facing falling passenger numbers. This is in line with the withdrawal of services and increases in commercial fares despite buses being more important – in volume of passengers – than rail.
- Rail services have been hit just as hard, if not harder, than bus services by the pandemic. We might be falling out of love with train travel at the worst possible time – not helped by ongoing reliability issues with Transport for Wales.
- Cyclists may be over-prioritised within the active travel sphere at the expense of pedestrians; most active travel discussions revolve around cycling when walking (and running/jogging) is far more commonplace. “Wheeling”/disabled mobility doesn’t get mentioned very often either (and I’m as guilty of that as everyone else).
- There’s a risk that primary school-age children lose the habit of walking when they move to secondary school (presumable due to the further distances involved).
- There might be untapped demand for air travel that Cardiff Airport is currently unable to serve, though the number of passenger journeys it can realistically sustain in its own catchment area will have a ceiling.
- Brexit has been ruinous to passenger traffic at Welsh ports. Though it seems to have had less of an impact on sea freight traffic because the majority of it arrives from outside the EU anyway.

